ʻO nā pā pale kila

ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka pā pale o kēia wā e koi maʻamau i nā kākoʻo hoʻolālā e like me ka ikaika e like me ko lākou maʻalahi e hoʻomau i ka holo ʻana me nā ʻāpana manuahi nui o kēia mau lā, nā kihi paʻakikī, a me nā mea nani i uhi ʻia i ke aniani. E manaʻo ʻia nā pā pale pale kila he koho maikaʻi loa i ka hana ʻana i ka pā pale i kēia lā. No ka manawa lōʻihi, ua loaʻa maikaʻi ka inoa o ke kila ma ke ʻano he mea hana o ka ʻoihana hale hou. Mai nā alahaka kiʻekiʻe a hiki i nā skyscrapers, hiki iā ia ke kū i kekahi o nā haʻahaʻa hana koi nui me ka ʻole o ka deforming, ka ʻokiʻoki, a me ka haki ʻana i ka manawa. ʻOiai ʻo kāna hana koʻikoʻi, ua pale nā ​​palena hana i kona hoʻohana ākea ʻana ma ke ʻano he kumu hoʻokalakala mua i nā hui pā pale aniani. Eia naʻe, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua lanakila nā ʻano hana hoʻomohala holomua i kēia pilikia. Ua hoʻomohala kekahi mau mea hoʻolako pā pale i nā ʻāpana āpau a hiki i kahi e loaʻa pinepine ai kahi ʻōnaehana piha, ʻo ia hoʻi: 1) nā kikoʻī pili a me nā lako; 2) hoʻopaʻa ʻana; 3) nā papa kaomi waho a me nā pāpale uhi; a me 4) nā ʻōnaehana puka a me ke komo ʻana, a me nā kikoʻī kikoʻī. Eia kekahi, he mea kōkua ka ʻōnaehana pale pale piha i ka maʻalahi a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā ʻano hana hana a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ʻoiai e hoʻokō mau ana i nā pae hoʻokō kiʻekiʻe i koi ʻia no nā kūkulu pā pale o kēia wā-me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i nā mea hana i koho ʻia. No ka laʻana, hiki ke kū i ka wai e like me ka 25 pakeneka ʻoi aku i loko o kahi ʻōnaehana pā pale kila ma waho o ka ʻōnaehana pale pale alumini extruded maʻamau. Eia kekahi, ʻaneʻane ʻole ke komo ʻana o ka ea i nā paia pale kila. Inā ua hoʻoholo ʻoe i ke koho ʻana i ka pā pale kila ma ka papahana hale, aia kekahi mau manaʻo no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila i kona mana piha i nā noi pā paʻakikī paʻakikī. Ma ka ʻōlelo kikoʻī, ikaika ke kila a loaʻa iā ia ka mana haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe me ka modulus o Young ma kahi o 207 miliona kPa (30 miliona psi), i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka alumini, ma kahi o 69 miliona kPa (10 miliona psi). ʻAe kēia i ka poʻe loea hoʻolālā e kuhikuhi i nā ʻōnaehana pā pale kila me nā ʻāpana manuahi ʻoi aku ka nui (ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe kū i ke kiʻekiʻe a/a i ʻole ka laulā module ākea) a hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ke kiʻi ma mua o nā pā pale alumini maʻamau me nā ana like a me nā ukana i hoʻopili ʻia. Eia kekahi, ʻelua hapakolu ka nui o ka ʻaoʻao kila i ka nui o kahi ʻano alumini like ʻole i ka wā e hālāwai ana i nā pae hoʻokō o ka pā pale pale. ʻO ka ikaika maoli o ke kila e hiki ai ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā mākia ʻāʻī ʻole, kahi i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lālā o ke kiʻi ma mua o ka mea maʻamau i koi ʻia i ka pā maʻamau. I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ma muli o nā ʻano hana hoʻoili kila kiʻekiʻe, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili i nā mullions kila o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, me nā hollow-, I-, T-, U-, a i ʻole L-channels, a me nā mullions maʻamau. Me ke kumu kūʻai kūpono o ka pā pale, he mea kupanaha iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā pā pale kila like ʻole no kāu papahana kūkulu hale.