Urukuta rw'umwenda

Igishushanyo mbonera cya kijyambere gikenera ubufasha busanzwe nkuburyo butandukanye kugirango bagendane nu munsi ugenda wiyongera cyane kubuntu, impande zingorabahizi, hamwe nubwiza buhebuje bwikirahure. Urukuta rw'imyenda y'ibyuma byafatwa nkuburyo bwiza mukubaka urukuta rwumunsi. Kumwanya muremure, ibyuma bizwi nkakazi ko gukora inganda zigezweho zubatswe neza. Kuva hejuru yikiraro kugera hejuru yubururu, irashobora kwihanganira bimwe mubintu bisabwa byubatswe bitarinze guhinduka, gucamo ibice, ndetse no gucamo igihe. Nubwo imikorere idasanzwe, imbogamizi zakozwe zabujije gukoreshwa cyane nkibikoresho byibanze byo guteranya urukuta rwumwenda. Ariko, mumyaka yashize, uburyo bunoze bwo gutunganya bwatsinze iki kibazo. Bamwe mubatanga urukuta rwatezimbere ibice byose bigize ibice kugeza aho sisitemu yuzuye iboneka kenshi, harimo: 1) ibisobanuro birambuye hamwe nibikoresho; 2) gusya; 3) ibyapa byumuvuduko winyuma hamwe nigitambaro cyo gutwikira; na 4) umuryango wuzuzanya na sisitemu yo kwinjira, kimwe nibisobanuro. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, urukuta rwuzuye rwa rukuta rwafasha mu koroshya no gutunganya ibihimbano nuburyo bwo kwishyiriraho, mugihe ukomeje kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho byo hejuru bisabwa byubatswe kurukuta rwa kijyambere - utitaye kubintu byatoranijwe byatoranijwe. Kurugero, kurwanya amazi birashobora kuba hejuru ya 25 ku ijana muri sisitemu yo kurukuta rwicyuma kitari icyuma kuruta icyuma gisanzwe cya aluminiyumu. Nanone, umwuka winjira mu kirere ntushobora kubaho mu rukuta rw'umwenda w'icyuma. Niba warafashe umwanzuro kubijyanye no gutoranya urukuta rwumwenda wibyuma mumushinga wubwubatsi, haribintu bibiri byo gukoresha ibyuma mubushobozi bwarwo muburyo bukomeye mugukoresha urukuta rukomeye. By'umwihariko, ibyuma birakomeye kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu byinshi hamwe na Modulus ya Young igera kuri miliyoni 207 kPa (miliyoni 30 psi), ugereranije na aluminium, hafi miliyoni 69 kPa (miliyoni 10 psi). Ibi bituma abahanga bashushanya kwerekana ibyuma byerekana urukuta rwa sisitemu hamwe nuburebure bunini (bwaba uburebure bwa veritike na / cyangwa ubugari bwa module ya horizontal) kandi bikagabanya ibipimo byikarito kurenza urukuta rusanzwe rwa aluminiyumu rufite ibipimo bisa kandi imitwaro ikoreshwa. Mubyongeyeho, umwirondoro wibyuma mubusanzwe ni bibiri bya gatatu byubunini bwa aluminiyumu igereranijwe mugihe wujuje ibipimo bimwe byerekana urukuta. Imbaraga za Steel zifite imbaraga zituma zikoreshwa muri gride itari urukiramende, aho uburebure bwumunyamuryango bushobora kuba burebure kuruta uko bisanzwe bisabwa mubisanzwe, urukiramende rutambitse / rutambitse rwumwenda rukuta. Mu myaka yashize, kubera uburyo bwo gutunganya ibyuma byateye imbere, irashobora kwomeka kumashanyarazi yibyuma bitandukanye, harimo hollow-, I-, T-, U-, cyangwa L-imiyoboro, hamwe na mullions. Hamwe nigiciro cyumwenda gikwiye, byagutangaza kuba ufite urukuta rutandukanye rwicyuma kiboneka kumushinga wawe wo kubaka.