Nhau kuseri kweMwedzi: Mafambiro anoita vanhu veChinese Mutambo weMid-Autumn

Sesetiraiti yakasikwa yepasi, mwedzi chinhu chepakati pechinyakare netsika dzakasiyana munhoroondo yevanhu. Mune dzakawanda prehistoric uye tsika dzechinyakare, mwedzi waifananidzwa samwari kana zvimwe zvinoshamisa zvinoshamisa, nepo kuvanhu veChinese, mutambo wakakosha uripo wemwedzi, Mid-Autumn Festival, iyo inozivikanwa zvakare semutambo wemooncake.

Kwemazana emakore, Mutambo weMid-Autumn wave uchionekwa nemaChinese semutambo wechipiri wakanyanya kukosha mushure meMutambo weChirimo, panguva iyo nhengo dzemhuri dzichabatana uye dzinonakidzwa nekuona kukuru kwemwedzi wakazara pamwe chete, pamwe nekupemberera kukohwa pamwe chete. chikafu chakapfava.

Zvinoenderana nekarenda yemwedzi weChinese, Mutambo weMid-Autumn unowira pazuva rechigumi neshanu remwedzi wechisere, unova Gunyana 13 gore rino. Ndapota titevere uye uongorore nyaya dziri shure kwemwedzi!

Legend

Rutivi runokosha rwokuchengetwa kwomutambo kunamata mwedzi. Vanhu vazhinji vekuChina vanokura nenyaya yaChang'e, mwarikadzi wemwedzi wekuChina. Kunyange zvazvo mutambo uri nguva inofadza yemhuri, nyaya yemwarikadzi haisi kufara.

Kugara munguva yakapfuura, Chang'e nemurume wake, mupfuri ane hunyanzvi ainzi Yi, vakava neupenyu hwakanaka pamwe chete. Zvisinei, rimwe zuva, zuva gumi rakabuda mudenga ndokupisa pasi, richiuraya mamiriyoni oupenyu. Yi akapfura vapfumbamwe vavo, achisiya zuva rimwe chete kuti ashumire vanhu, uye nokudaro iye akapiwa mubayiro navamwari nomushonga wokusafa.

Achizeza kunakidzwa nekusafa pasina mukadzi wake, Yi akasarudza kuvanza iyo elixir. Zvisinei, rimwe zuva, apo Yi akanga ari kunze kunovhima, mudzidzi wake akapinda mumba make ndokumanikidza Chang'e kuti amupe elixir. Kuti mbavha isaiwane, Chang'e akanwa mushonga wacho panzvimbo pezvo, ndokubhururuka achienda kumwedzi kuti atange upenyu hwake hwokusafa. Kunyangwe akaparadzwa, gore rega rega, Yi airatidza mudzimai wake aifarira michero nemakeke mukati memwedzi wakazara, uye ndiwo maitikiro azvakaita Mutambo weKeke weMwedzi weChina.

Kunyangwe zvinosuruvarisa, nyaya yaChang'e yakakurudzira zvizvarwa zveChinese, ichivaratidza hunhu hwainyanya kunamatwa nemadzitateguru avo: kuvimbika, rupo uye kuzvipira kune kunaka kukuru.

Chang' e anogona kunge ari iye ega munhu anogara pamwedzi, asi ane mumwe wake mudiki, ane mukurumbira Jade Rabbit. Maererano netsika dzechiChinese, tsuro yaigara musango nedzimwe mhuka. Rimwe zuva, Mambo Jade akazvishandura semurume akwegura, ane nzara uye akakumbira tsuro kuti awane zvokudya. Sezvo yakanga isina simba uye idiki, tsuro haina kukwanisa kubatsira harahwa, saka yakasvetukira mumoto kuti murume adye nyama yayo.

Achisundwa nechiito chorupo, Jade Emperor (mwari wokutanga mungano yeChina) akatumira tsuro kumwedzi, uye ikoko yakava isingafi inonzi Jade Rabbit. Iyo Jade Tsuro yakapihwa basa rekugadzira iyo elixir yekusafa, uye nyaya inoenda kuti tsuro inogona kuramba ichionekwa ichigadzira elixir nepestle uye dhaka pamwedzi.

Nhoroondo

Yakabatanidzwa nerunako runako, Mid-Autumn Festival mhemberero dzinodzokera kumashure anopfuura 2,000 makore. Izwi rekuti "Mid-Autumn" rakatanga kuoneka mubhuku rekare Zhou Li (Zhou Rituals, iro rakatsanangudza tsika muZhou Dynasty). Mumazuva ekare, madzimambo eChina aisarudza usiku hwezuva rechi15 remwedzi wechisere kuti vaite mutambo wekurumbidza mwedzi. Mutambo uyu wakatora zita rawo kubva pakuti unopembererwa pakati pematsutso, uye nekuti panguva ino yegore mwedzi uri pakutenderera uye kupenya zvakanyanya.

Yakanga isiri iyo kusvika pakutanga kweTang Dynasty (618-907) iyo zuva rakapembererwa zviri pamutemo semutambo wechinyakare. Yakave mutambo wakagadzwa panguva yeRwiyo Dynasty (960-1279) uye yakawedzera mukurumbira kwemazana mashoma akatevera, nepo dzimwe tsika uye chikafu chemuno chakagadzirwa kupemberera mutambo uyu.

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, hurumende yeChinese yakanyora mutambo uyu senhaka isingabatike yetsika muna 2006, uye wakaitwa zororo revanhu muna 2008.

Cuisine

Ichionekwa semutambo wekukohwa uye nguva yekuunganidza mhuri pamwe chete, Mutambo weMid-Autumn unozivikanwa nemakeke ayo akatenderera, anozivikanwa se mooncakes. Mwedzi wakakwana chiratidzo chekusanganazve kwemhuri, nepo kudya mooncakes uye kuona mwedzi wakakwana chikamu chakakosha chemutambo.

Maererano nezvinyorwa zveChinese zvenhoroondo, mooncakes pakutanga akashumirwa sechibayiro kumwedzi. Izwi rokuti "mooncake" rakatanga kuoneka muSouthern Song Dynasty (1127-1279), uye ikozvino ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa chikafu chekudya patafura yekudya kwemanheru panguva yeMid-Autumn Festival.

Kunyangwe ma mooncakes mazhinji anoita seanotaridzika zvakafanana, maflavour anosiyana kubva mudunhu nedunhu. Semuenzaniso, kuchamhembe kweChina, vanhu vanosarudza zvinotapira uye zvakakora custard yakazadzwa nemunyu yezai yolk, tsvuku bhinzi paste kana nzungu, nepo kumaodzanyemba, vanhu vanofarira kuzadzwa kweham kana nyama yenguruve yakagochwa. Kunyange pastry inogona kunge yakasiyana chaizvo. Somuenzaniso, kuchamhembe kweChina, bhegi racho rakaomarara uye rakaomarara, nepo muHong Kong, mooncake isina kubikwa, inozivikanwa sesnow skin mooncake, ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa.

Munguva dzazvino, zvigadzirwa uye pfungwa itsva zvakawedzerwa kune zvechinyakare mooncake. Zvimwe zvechikafu zvekunze, zvakaita seHaggen-Dazs, zvakatobatirana nevagadziri vekuChinese mooncake kugadzira maflavour matsva sevanilla ice cream, kana chokoreti ine mablackberries. Makeke echinyakare arikunakidzwa nehupenyu hutsva.

Kunze kwe mooncakes, kune akasiyana echikafu chemutambo muChina. MuSuzhou, Purovhinzi yeJiangsu, vanhu vanofarira kudya magakanje ane mvere akanyikwa muvhiniga neginger, nepo muNanjing, mudunhu reJiangsu, dhadha rine munyu ndiro rinofarirwa zvikuru pamutambo.

Kunobva: People's Daily Online