Imikhosi yeNdalo kunye neziphumo zabo kwiNkqubo yodonga lwamakhethini

Ngokucacileyo zonke iindonga zangaphandle, nokuba zeziphi na izinto, ziphantsi kwayo, kwaye kufuneka zimelane neziphumo ezitshabalalisayo zendalo. Iinkqubo zeendonga zamakhethini zezona zixhatshazwayo kwizinto zokwakha eziphantsi komthwalo womoya, iziganeko ezigqithisileyo, iintshukumo zesakhiwo, utshintsho lwesiquphe lobushushu, imvula eqhutywayo, ungcoliseko lomoya kunye nokuhlwa. 1. Ukukhanya kwelanga Ukukhanya kwelanga kuyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomntu kangangokuba umntu akanakuphila ngaphandle kwawo. Inika ukufudumala, umbala, inkcazo ebonakalayo kunye nobomi ngokwabo. Kodwa ikwadala iingxaki ezithile kuyilo lwamakhethini. Enye yezi ngxaki kukuwohloka kwayo kwimathiriyeli yendalo efana nebala lebala, iiplastiki kunye nezitywini. Imitha ye-actinic, ngakumbi leyo ifunyenwe kuluhlu lwe-ultra-violet ye-spectrum, ivelisa utshintsho lweekhemikhali ezibangela ukubola okanye ukuthotywa okukhulu kwemathiriyeli. Enye ingxaki ebangelwa xa ukukhanya kwelanga okungalawulekiyo kudlula kwipaneli yodonga lomkhusane kukungakhululeki kokubengezela kunye nokukhanya kunye nokuthotywa kwempahla yangaphakathi. Ngokwesiqhelo, ezo ziphumo ziliwa ngokusetyenziswa kolunye uhlobo lwesixhobo somthunzi, nokuba ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kweglasi yombono. Indlela entsha, eyamkelekileyo, kukusetyenziswa kokunciphisa ilitha okanye iintlobo zeglasi ezibonisayo ezibonelela ngesiqabu ngaphandle kokuthintela umbono. 2. Ubushushu Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubushushu budala iintlobo ezimbini zeengxaki kuyilo lwamakhethini: ukwandiswa kunye nokucutheka kwezinto kunye nemfuneko yokulawula ukudlula kobushushu eludongeni. Ngamanye amazwi, sisiphumo sobushushu belanga eludongeni lomkhusane ukwenza enye yeenkxalabo ezinkulu kudonga lwe-aluminiyam yomkhusane, njengokuhamba kwe-thermal. Ukongezelela, ukuguquguquka kweqondo lokushisa, kokubili kwe-diurnally kunye nexesha, kuchaphazela kakhulu iinkcukacha zodonga. Zonke izinto zokwakha zanda kwaye zikhontrakthi kwinqanaba elithile kunye nokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa, kodwa inani lokuhamba likhulu kwi-aluminium kunoko kwezinye izinto zokwakha. Ukulawulwa kokuhamba kobushushu eludongeni kuchaphazela ilahleko yobushushu kwimozulu ebandayo kunye nokuzuza ubushushu kwimozulu eshushu. Ukugqunyelelwa kwe-thermal kwiindawo eziludonga oluludongeni kuba yingqwalaselo ebalulekileyo xa ezo ndawo ziyinxalenye enkulu yendawo yodonga lulonke, kodwa xa iindawo zeglasi zombono ziphambili, ukusetyenziswa kweglasi ekhuselayo, kunye nokucuthwa kwesinyithi okanye 'iibhulorho ezibandayo' zisebenza ngakumbi. ekwehliseni ixabiso elipheleleyo le-U eludongeni. 3. Amanzi Amanzi, ngendlela yemvula, ikhephu, umphunga okanye i-condensate, mhlawumbi ngoyena nobangela oqhubekayo wengxaki enokubakho kwi-curtain wall facade system ngokuhamba kwexesha. Njengemvula eqhutywa ngumoya, inokungena kwiindawo ezivulekileyo ezincinci kwaye inokuhamba ngaphakathi kodonga kwaye ibonakale kubuso obungaphakathi kude nendawo yokungena. Ngohlobo lomphunga unokungena kwimibhobho emikroskopu, uya kuxinana xa upholisa kwaye, ukuba uvaleleke ngaphakathi eludongeni, unokubangela umonakalo omkhulu onokuhlala ixesha elide ungabonwa. Ukuvuza kusenokuba yingxaki eludongeni olwakhiwe kuyo nayiphi na imathiriyeli. Uninzi lweendonga ze-masonry, ezinamaqabunga, zifunxa amanzi amaninzi phezu kwendawo yazo yonke emanzi, kwaye phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Amanye ala manzi anokungena eludongeni, abonakale njengokuvuza kwicala langaphakathi. Kodwa izinto ezisetyenziswa eludongeni lwamakhethini esinyithi azikwazi ukungena emanzini, kwaye ukuvuza okunokwenzeka kunqunyelwe kumalungu kunye nokuvula. Nangona oku kunqanda kakhulu indawo yokuba sesichengeni, konyusa kakhulu ukubaluleka kokuyilwa ngokufanelekileyo kwamalungu kunye netywina. 4. Umoya womoya osebenza eludongeni uvelisa amandla ayalela ubukhulu becala ukuyilwa kolwakhiwo. Kwizakhiwo ezide ngakumbi, iipropati zesakhiwo samalungu okuqulunqa kunye neepaneli, kunye nobukhulu beglasi, zinqunywe yimithwalo ephezulu yomoya. Imimoya iphinda ifake isandla ekuhambeni kodonga, echaphazela amatywina adibeneyo kunye ne-anchorage eludongeni. Uxinzelelo kunye ne-vacuums ezidalwe ngokungafaniyo yimimoya ephezulu azigcini nje ngokubeka amalungu kunye neglasi ukuze kugxininise ukuguqulwa, kodwa kubangela imvula ukuba ithintele ubunzima, ihamba macala onke phezu kobuso bodonga. Ngoko ke umoya kufuneka uqondwe njengowona mba uphambili unegalelo ekuvuzeni okunokwenzeka kwamanzi.