Ukwakhiwa kodonga lwamakhethini okuvala isikhala

Idizayini yodonga lwamakhethini yesimanje ngokuyinhloko ihlanganisa izigaba ezintathu: ukuklama ukubhida kwesikimu, umklamo wokudweba wokwakha (okuhlanganisa nomklamo ojulile) kanye nokusikwa komklamo. Phakathi kwazo, inani labaklami bebhidi yephrojekthi ngokuvamile libalelwa ku-10 ~ 15% yenani eliphelele lomklamo wodonga lwamakhethini, abaklami bemidwebo yokwakha ngokuvamile babalelwa ku-20 ~ 25% yenani eliphelele lomklamo wodonga lwamakhethini, kanye nomklamo wokusika abasebenzi. ngokuvamile kubalwa u-60~70% yenani eliphelele lomklamo wodonga lwamakhethini, okusho ukuthi, abangaphezu kuka-60% abaklami bodonga lwamakhethini benza umsebenzi wokuklama ophindaphindayo futhi othambekele kumaphutha nsuku zonke. Umsebenzi uhlanganisa ingcindezi, umthwalo wemfanelo osindayo, okulula ukukhiqiza isithukuthezi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni yodonga lwamakhethini phakathi neminyaka imvamisa ukusetshenziswa kwesoftware ye-AutoCAD enezinhlangothi ezimbili zokuklama yonke inqubo yokuklama, okubandakanya isigaba esijwayelekile somdwebo wohlelo, isigaba sokwakha somdwebo womdwebo wokwakha, ukuklama blanching isigaba sokucutshungulwa kwezingxenye, njengodonga lwekhethini olujwayelekile lohlaka, ukwakheka kodonga lwamakhethini lwesicabucabu. Lapho kuhlangatshezwana nodonga lwekhethini olumise okwe-3D (uphahla) olukhethekile, i-Rhino ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukumodela i-3D, bese ithunyelwa ku-AutoCAD ukuze ithuthukiswe uhlelo lwesibili nge-LSP, futhi idatha yomklamo wodonga lwamakhethini yenziwa mathupha ukuze kuzuzwe inhloso yokusika izinto zokwakha. yokwakhiwa kodonga lwekhethini (lophahla) olumise okwe-3D. Le ndlela ayinakho nje ukusebenza kahle kokuklama okuphansi futhi kulula ukukhiqiza amaphutha okuklama, kodwa futhi ingase ibe nomthelela omkhulu ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwephrojekthi yokwakhiwa kwamakhethini ngisho nokulawula izindleko. Uma ubuchwepheshe be-BLM busetshenziswa ekusikeni komklamo wodonga lwamakhethini wokwakha, kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokuklama, ukunciphisa izindleko zokuklama kanye namaphutha okuklama. Khona-ke, ubuchwepheshe be-BIM bungasetshenziswa kanjani ekusikeni komklamo wodonga lwamakhethini wokwakha? Okokuqala, imodeli ye-3D yodonga lwamakhethini esakhiwo ingasungulwa ngokusho komdwebo wokuhlukanisa wodonga lwamakhethini noma imodeli yesikhumba ye-3D yesakhiwo esinikezwe umakhi. Isofthiwe yokufanisa ye-BIM 3D ingasetshenziswa, njenge-Revit, i-Catia, i-Archi, njll. Okwesibili, imojula yolwazi lwepharamitha yodonga lwamakhethini ingeniswa kumodeli yezinhlangothi ezintathu zodonga lwamakhethini ukuze kukhiqizwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ithebula le-oda lezinto zodonga lwamakhethini noma uhlu lokusika impahla (olwaziwa nangokuthi uhlu lokuphakamisa impahla). Okokugcina, isofthiwe ye-BLM yokuklama imishini ihlotshaniswa nesofthiwe yemodeli ye-3D ukuze ikhiqize ngokuzenzakalelayo uhlu lokusika impahla yefreyimu yodonga lwamakhethini kanye nemidwebo yobuchwepheshe bokucubungula.