Udonga lwamakhethini nefasitela langaphandle

Luyini udonga lwamakhethini? Liyini iwindi elingaphandle? Umbuzo ubonakala uzicacele. Kodwa-ke, kuphrojekthi yangempela yokwakha iminyango yodonga lwamakhethini kanye ne-Windows, izingxabano eziningi zenzeke, ngoba izinhlangothi ezithintekayo "zodonga lwamakhethini" kanye "nefasitela elingaphandle" ukuqonda kuhlukile, kuzindleko zephrojekthi kanye nokwamukelwa kwekhwalithi yombono ngamunye, ukubopha. Iphrojekthi esayiniwe iyinkontileka yobunjiniyela bodonga lwamakhethini, kodwa lapho kwamukelwa khona, iyunithi yokwakha icabanga ukuthi iphrojekthi ayilona udonga lwamakhethini kodwa iwindi, ngokuya ngezindleko zokwamukelwa kwewindi; Enye iphrojekthi yasebenzisa ukuhlolwa kodonga lwamakhethini, kodwa ukuhlolwa kwendawo "kwakuwukubukeka kodonga lwamakhethini kunodonga lwamakhethini", empeleni, iwindi lengxube yensimbi. , futhi yathuthukiswa kusukela odongeni lwekhethini yengilazi ye-aluminium alloy obala kuya odongeni lwekhethini lensimbi engabonisi lutho, itshe kanye nodonga lwamapuleti okwenziwa. Ingxubevange ye-tin ithuthukiswe ngesisekelo seminyango ye-alloy yesiliva ne-Windows (i-entry "alloy" ehlinzekwe yi-encyclopedia yemboni) udonga lwamakhethini engilazi, isicelo esivuthiwe kakhulu futhi esisebenza emhlabeni wonke, esibalelwa cishe 3/4 wodonga lwamakhethini esakhiwo. Udonga lwamakhethini nezicabha kanye namafasitela "efasitela, ukuhlukaniswa kodonga", ikakhulukazi kuhlanganisa udonga lwamakhethini engilazi ye-aluminium alloy kanye ne-aluminium alloy window confusion.Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-30 yentuthuko esheshayo, i-China isibe iminyango ye-aluminium alloy enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni kanye namafasitela kanye nekhethini lokwakha ukukhiqizwa kwezindonga nokusetshenziswa kwezwe. Kuyadingeka futhi kuyasebenza ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kodonga lwamakhethini okuhweba kanye nefasitela ngendlela efanele ukusuka ku-Angle yobuchwepheshe nomnotho ukuxazulula inkinga "yefasitela nodonga akuhlukaniswanga", okuthinta ukwamukelwa nokuxazululwa kodonga lwamakhethini kanye nekhwalithi kanye ukuphepha kwephrojekthi ngenxa yokugxambukela kwempahla, ukwakheka kanye nezindleko. I-facade yemvilophu yezakhiwo zesimanje ishintshile kusukela eminyango kanye namafasitela odongeni oluthwala imithwalo kuya odongeni lwamakhethini angalayishi. Ingxabano ethi "Amafasitela nezindonga akuhlukaniswanga" ivela eShayina, kodwa ayivamile emazweni asentshonalanga. Okokuqala, kunezizathu ezijulile zamasiko nezomlando. Isakhiwo sasendulo samaShayina sinaka ubunye bemvelo nomuntu, vumela imvelo ithathe inkambo yayo, ibeke kuqala ngohlaka lwesakhiwo sokhuni, ukwahlukanisa kokhuni kuhlotshiswe, qokomisa ngokucophelela izinhlungu. Iminyango yasendulo yamaShayina kanye neWindows akuzuzi nje kuphela ukuvumelana nobunye ngokubukeka kwesakhiwo sokhuni, kodwa futhi kuzuzwe umsebenzi wokuvalelwa kwesakhiwo kanye nokuvumelana kokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle okuhambisanayo. Umphumela uba ukuthi izakhiwo zaseShayina zasendulo zineminyango emikhulu kanye neWindows kanye nama-facade ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngisho namanje, ukuphishekela iwindi elikhulu lamakhethini odongeni nezicabha, izindonga zangaphandle ezisobala.