Kugeza ubu, hari ubwoko bwinshi bwimiyoboro ikoreshwa mubisabwa bitandukanye bidukikije, muri rusange bigizwe n'imiyoboro miremire cyane ifite diameter nini kandi ikoreshwa mu gutwara ibicuruzwa nka peteroli ya peteroli cyangwa itunganijwe na gaze karemano. Imiyoboro yo gutwara abantu irashobora kwaguka hagati yimijyi, ibihugu ndetse nu mugabane. Imiyoboro y'ibyuma iryamye mu myaka amagana, ifite ibintu bidasanzwe birimo guhangana n’imyuka ihangayikishijwe na gaze karemano hamwe n’ibyanduye, kwinjiza gake kuri metani na hydrogène, hejuru ya HDB kuri 20 ° C, 60 ° C na 80 ° C, hejuru Ingaruka zo kurwanya, gukanda, hamwe na UV ikora kububiko bwo hanze. Umuyoboro w'icyuma usanzwe ufite igiciro cyiza ku isoko ryicyuma.
Hatariho imiyoboro yacu umuco wacu wahagarara. Kubikoresha peteroli, ibikoresho byumuyoboro bifite igishushanyo mbonera, ibisobanuro, chimie, hamwe nibipimo ngenderwaho nibisabwa mubikorwa. Umuyoboro w'icyuma ugezweho wakozwe kuri ibi bipimo bisabwa byizeza ubuziranenge n'umutekano mugushushanya. Dukurikije inyandiko zimwe na zimwe, mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 1960, hamwe n'ibindi bisabwa kugira ngo hubakwe imiyoboro, abakora imiyoboro y'ibyuma batangiye gukora umuyoboro bakoresheje insinga ndende yo kurwanya amashanyarazi, byongera ubwizerwe bw'ikidodo kirekire. Hagati aho, abayikora bose bakoresheje impuzu zinogejwe kumuyoboro mushya, indi ntera mugucunga ruswa. Mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 90, impuzu zo kurwanya ruswa zariyongereye kurushaho, kandi zirageragezwa mbere yo gushyirwa mu bikorwa kugira ngo zitangirika mu gihe cyo gutwara no kubaka. Imiyoboro ubu yashyizwemo igifuniko cyimbitse, kandi kwambuka kurambirwa munsi yumuhanda ninzuzi bitanga uburinzi bukomeye kandi ntibishobora kwangirika mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho.
Muri iki gihe, imiyoboro itandukanye y'ibyuma yagiye ikoreshwa cyane mu mishinga y'imiyoboro, kuko mu bihe byiza, ibintu byiza by'imiyoboro ikonje ikonje ntibishobora guteshwa agaciro n'igihe. Icyakora, ntidushobora guhakana ko umuyoboro wibyuma ushobora kwangirika muri serivisi kandi ushobora guteshwa agaciro nudusembwa twatewe mugihe cyo gukora cyangwa kubaka, cyangwa ingaruka zubucukuzi butitondewe. Birashoboka kandi gukumira isuka ijyanye nibi bintu mugusuzuma no kugerageza imiyoboro uko ikorwa kandi igashyirwaho, mu kuyirinda kwangirika, mu kuyirinda ibyangiritse ndetse no gukora buri gihe mu igenzura rya serivisi cyangwa mu bizamini kugira ngo tumenye aho byangiritse kandi kubisana. Uyu munsi, umuyoboro wibyuma byabugenewe nubundi bwoko bwingenzi bwumuyoboro wibyuma bikoreshwa cyane mukubaka imiyoboro mumyaka yashize. Ariko, mubikorwa bifatika, hafi yabakoresha ibyuma byose bazahura nikibazo nkiki. Nukuvuga ko, byanze bikunze imiyoboro izahura ningaruka zinyuranye zangiritse mugihe.
Ohereza ubutumwa bwawe:
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-05-2019
